Engagement during post-acute care transition: Perceptions and experiences of family caregivers of older adults with dementia

Older adults with dementia experience hospitalizations and post-acute care transitions more than people without dementia and rely on family caregivers for support. Family caregivers of older adults with dementia, therefore, play a crucial role during care transitions, and caregiver engagement is acknowledged as a critical factor in promoting quality of care. Despite this, "engagement" has been exclusively defined from the perspective of clinical care providers in other settings, and little is known about the post-acute care experiences and perceptions of family caregivers. The purpose of this dissertation was to describe the meaning of engagement to family caregivers navigating post-acute care transition, to elucidate their perspectives on barriers and facilitators of engagement, and to explore their support needs.Following an interpretive descriptive approach and guided by Meleis's Middle Range transition theory, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 15 family caregivers of older adults with dementia. Using an inductive coding process, similar codes were categorized by grouping codes that describe similar concepts related to the caregiver experiences and perceptions. The process helped to develop themes from the categories and a conceptual framework that described the meaning of engagement.Thematic findings revealed family caregivers' descriptions of the meaning of engagement during post-acute care transitions is linked to being there, having meaningful connection with professional care providers, and having communication with the person with dementia. Limited communication and not being able to be there were seen as barriers to engagement. Nine family caregivers' level of engagement was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic new visitation policies. Facilitator to engagement were linked to having good communication with professional care providers and having past post-acute care transition experience. The support needs of family caregivers were also related to their relationship with healthcare providers and receiving support from family and friends. The study supports highlighting communication as an integral part of transition and makes an argument to expanding the Meleis's Middle Range transition theory. Findings of the study contribute to the dementia caregiving literature and make an appeal to healthcare providers and policymakers to include family caregivers as part of the care team. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

"Secure the bag": Young women's agencies toward better versus bare realities during COVID

Young women in township spaces aspire towards lifestyles that demonstrate affluence, a different socio-economic reality than the scarcity characterising their socio-economic space. The better lifestyles these young women aspire to, contrary to their current realities, are challenging to attain due to the unemployment underlying the livelihoods of many young women. For some young women, the experiences of unemployment intersect with other socio-economic factors such as early sexual exposure, teenage pregnancies, school dropout and experience of motherhood escalating their financial difficulties. The discussion here is drawn from a study through Ethnographic observations of young women in two South African townships. The discussion elicits a comprehensive account of young women's economic hardships in which they navigate their socio-economic realities. The discussion demonstrates that young women are active agents whose inspirations and instrumentalities struggle against the dire socio-economic conditions that characterise their township space. The awareness of their immediate conditions serves to fuel their dreams towards better realities, making them resourceful in their financial approaches: which are sometimes vulnerable. The young women's resourcefulness is however impacted by the Corona virus outbreak and the resultant lockdown regulations in a way that affects how they draw from their agencies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Television coverage of gender-based violence in Spain during lockdown

This article analyzes the presence of gender-based violence on free-to-air Spanish television (TV) channels La1, Antena 3, Tele 5, La Sexta, and Cuatro throughout their 24-h daily broadcasting, between March 20, 2020 and June 20, 2020, along with the same period for the year 2019. This article studies whether, despite the COVID-19-dominated agenda of media coverage of gender-based violence increased or decreased, driven by government policies to protect potential victims. Also, we analyze whether any TV channels provided tools (such as the 016 helpline) to help women or were rather limited to reporting murder cases. In addition, the most predominant terms used in such coverage are identified, along with any potential difference in the behavior of public versus private TV channels. The data confirm, among other issues, that coverage of gender-based violence on these TV channels decreased during the studied time frame. However, the mention of tools aimed at supporting women at risk increased. The results of this study also reveal that TV coverage of violence against women did not coincide with the dates in which gender-based murders took place and that, of all Spanish media networks, public TV paid the most attention to this issue. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The effects of responsibility frames and stigmatizing headlines in news on support for covid-19 policies in korea

This study examined the mechanisms through which responsibility frames and stigmatizing headlines influence support for governmental policies to address the pandemic. Based on a factorial design experiment, we examined the effects of 2 responsibility frames (individual vs. societal responsibility) and 4 headline types (non-stigmatized vs. name-stigmatized vs. characteristic-stigmatized vs. both-stigmatized). The results showed that the individual responsibility frame increased individual attribution of responsibility for the cause and spread of COVID-19 whereas reducing societal attribution of responsibility, compared to the societal responsibility frame. The headline that detailed both the stigmatized characteristic and name increased individual attribution of responsibility compared to the non-stigmatized headline. Furthermore, the effects of frames and headline types on policy support were sequentially mediated by attribution of responsibility and emotions. Individual attribution of responsibility led to anger whereas societal attribution of responsibility led to sympathy. Subsequently, anger increased support for punitive policies while sympathy increased support for assistive policies. This study contributes to the literature on news framing of pandemics by integrating cognitive and emotional mechanisms in forming policy attitudes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

A critical appraisal of ways organizations can support social workers in light of covid-19: A scoping review

Due to the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need for increased knowledge surrounding organizational support for social workers. This scoping review evaluated emerging research during the first two years of the pandemic (January 2020-May 2022) around ways organizations can support social work staff after the pandemic and during future public health disasters. This review suggests organizational leaders implement protocols to preserve workers' well-being, create supportive spaces, provide supervision and mentorship, acknowledge inequalities and enact change, and promote crisis preparedness. This review concludes with a list of recommendations and a discussion of further implications for practice and research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

"virus jihad": The (mis)representation of muslims during covid 19 outbreak in indian media

This study examined the media representations of Muslims during the first wave of Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic in India. The study conducted a thematic discourse analysis on TV debates in the aftermath of an Islamic congregation in Delhi whose attendees were tested positive with COVID-19 infection. The study found an overall negative representation of Muslims in the mainstream media which corroborates previous studies, albeit, in different contexts. Three key themes that emerged from media narratives were representing Muslims as: (i) carriers of the virus bomb (ii) 'super spreaders' and (iii) the uncivilized 'Other' with irreconcilable differences. These findings were situated in the wider (re)emerging field of Hindu nationalism to argue that the unsympathetic representation of Muslims in the media reflected their support for the ethno-nationalist ideology of the current ruling dispensation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

An interpretive phenomenological analysis of resilience: Implications for social work practice during contemporary social issues

Resilience is generally defined as one's ability to adapt, surpass, or rebound from the experience or threat of substantial adversity. The study of resilience is an essential and complex component of social work practice, yet research suggests that many social workers struggle with proficient knowledge as well as the mindful application of the critical construct of resilience theory. As a result, a social worker's theoretical approach may lack the focus on the constructs, aims, tenets, and assumptions of resilience theory when applied to work with diverse, marginalized, vulnerable, and disenfranchised populations. This holds especially true in challenging times such as civil unrest and global crises (i.e., the COVID-19 pandemic) when social workers are bombarded with the needs of their consumers, their community, and their own interpersonal needs. This study sought to understand how constructs of resiliency theory can be instrumental in understanding how social workers make meaning of resilience as they respond to the intersectional adversity experienced during contemporary social issues. The responses from the social workers' interviews suggested three major themes: Resilience is Active Rather Than Passive, Prior Experiences Shape Resilience Understanding, and Resilience Perspectives Impacts Social Work Practice. The findings of this qualitative research project will generate opportunities to integrate resiliency theory into a unified framework for reflective and culturally responsive social work practice in these challenging times. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Canadians' travel knowledge acquisition during the pandemic: A cognitive mediation model approach

This study aimed to improve Canada's preparedness to rejuvenate the economy in public health crises by understanding how potential tourists acquire knowledge using the cognitive mediation model. We examined the effect of media motivations (i.e., surveillance gratification and anticipated interaction) in predicting two types of subjective knowledge (i.e., pandemic knowledge and travel health knowledge) through the mediation of media attention and elaboration. The study results supported all hypotheses except for the relationships between surveillance gratification and media attention, and media attention and travel health knowledge. This study provides implications for destination marketing organizations to understand Canadians' travel decisions during the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Black death and mourning as pandemic

Black bodies have been the site of devastation for centuries. We who inhabit and love these bodies live in a state of perpetual mourning. We mourn the disproportionate dying in our families, communities and the dying in the black diaspora. We are yet to come to terms with the death that accompanied the AIDS pandemic. Tuberculosis breeds in the conditions within which most of us live. We die from hours spent in the belly of the earth where we dig for minerals to feed the unquenchable thirst of capital. Malaria targets our neighbors with deathly accuracy. Ebola stalks west Africa where it has established itself as a rapacious black disease. It kills us. In the black diaspora, African Americans are walking targets for American police who kill and imprison them at rates that have created a prison industrial complex. Africans die in the Mediterranean ocean and join the spirits of ancestors drowned centuries ago. With South Africa as the point of departure, this paper stages a transcontinental examination of black death. It is animated by the following questions. What are the dimensions of black death, what is its scale and how is it mourned? What does the COVID-19 pandemic mean for we who are so intimately familiar with death? (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Special educators' use of culturally responsive family-professional partnership practices with refugee families

Refugee families who have children with disabilities encounter numerous systemic barriers that impact their opportunities to partner with schools and special educators. This study explored early childhood special education and elementary special education teachers use of culturally responsive family-professional partnership practices with refugee families and the impact of current events (e.g. political and immigration rhetoric and COVID-19) on special educators' partnerships with refugee families. Fourteen special educators who taught students in early childhood (n = 8) or elementary (n = 6) levels and worked with at least one student whose family was from a refugee background in the past five years completed an online questionnaire. Nine special educators also engaged in semi-structured interviews to obtain input on their experiences supporting refugee families before and during Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings. First, the data highlighted contextual factors, such as teachers' understanding of families' backgrounds, teachers' perceptions of families' experiences in special education, and access to interpreters, that highlighted the need for family-professional partnerships. Second, teachers reported high rates of using family-professional partnership practices with refugee families but reported lower rates of helping refugee families gain skills and information to assist their child in their special education programming. Third, teachers shared strategies that they used before and during IEP meetings to engage and partner with refugee families. Fourth, teachers discussed how changes to immigration laws and rhetoric had minimal impact on their partnerships with refugee families, but there was significant impact on partnerships due to COVID-19. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Financial challenges and capacity among African refugees in the Southern USA: A study of socio-demographic differences

Refugees' successful integration into US society requires adaptation to economic, financial and social norms. Despite the importance of considering financial challenges (financial stress and financial anxiety) and financial capacity (financial literacy and financial self-efficacy) in reaching personal financial goals, literature examining the relationship between financial challenges and capacity-critical in refugee resettlement and integration-is sparse and fragmented. This study explored financial challenges and capacity amongst resettled African refugees (N = 130) in the southern USA using data from a larger community-based participatory research study that used a mixed-methods approach. We explored socio-demographic differences in financial stress, financial anxiety, financial literacy and financial self-efficacy across African refugee subpopulation groups. Our study highlights the importance of social work advocacy for data disaggregation, which helps establish the scope of the problem, unmask subpopulation differences and make vulnerable groups more visible to facilitate the development of tailored programmes and services to reach economic integration goals. We provide social work implications for data disaggregation in the current coronavirus context, which will leave long-term financial scars on refugee subpopulations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Understanding the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on social determinants of health of racial and ethnic minorities using natural language processing and machine learning

The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to a sharp increase in health disparities among racial and ethnic US minority communities. This study aims to understand the social determinants of health issues of racial/ethnic US minority populations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, this study establishes the extent to which Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Gibbs Sampling Dirichlet Multinomial Mixture (GSDMM)-based topic modeling determines social determinants of health (SDOH) categories, and how adequately custom named-entity recognition (NER) detects key SDOH factors from a Reddit corpus. Moreover, we performed an inductive thematic discourse analysis on the Reddit corpus and High Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (HDBSCAN)-based clustering on the thematic discourse results. We collected race/ethnicity-related data from five subreddits representing five highly populated cities in the US from March to December 2019 (prior to the pandemic) and from March to December 2020 (during the pandemic). Our study identified 35 SDOH-related topics, 22 themes, and revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic significantly exacerbated SDOH issues of racial/ethnic US minority communities. On average, conversations about the Social and Community Context (SCC) category of SDOH had the highest percent increase (358%) from the pre-pandemic period to the pandemic period across all locations and population groups. Some of the SCC issues were racism, protests, arrests, immigration, police brutality, hate crime, white supremacy, and discrimination. The dissertation offers automatic ways to glean SDOH-related information from social media. Furthermore, the knowledge gained from this study will empower researchers, governments, and policymakers to design interventions to shift racial and ethnic disparities toward more equitable outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Do Online Challenge-Based Learning Help Professors Identify and Solve Community Problems During the COVID-19 Pandemic?

This research aims to identify online challenge-based learning (CBL) that builds on the problem-based learning practice to support professors working in two Mexican institutions with solutions to six social challenges defined by the institutions. Thirty-five professors from Tecnologico de Monterrey participated in developing the solutions related to given challenges by taking a social approach. For this activity, an online training session of one week was organized by the Faculty Development and Educational Innovation Center (CEDDIE) of Tecnologico de Monterrey in Mexico City, Mexico. The data was collected through an online survey based on quantitative and qualitative questionnaires. We received fifteen complete responses out of thirty-five. Analyzing the results of this study affirmed that online CBL activities served professors to promote social interactions, develop pedagogical competencies, and share knowledge based on their learning experience through active collaboration with peers in the same institutions but from different disciplines and campuses to identify and solve existing societal issues. © 2023 IEEE.

Psychoanalysis, culture and contemporary discontents: A time of technology, fanaticism and pandemics

Ricardo Rubinstein explores the contemporary culture and its discontents - including subjectivity, fanaticism, panic attacks, technology, and pandemics - through a psychoanalytic lens. Each chapter considers an aspect of modern society and attempts to unpick these complex facets of the world we live in. Psychoanalytic understandings of the triggers and socio-environmental factors of panic attacks, the inner worlds of people attracted to fanatical beliefs and risky behaviors, and our dependence on technology for our most vital activities are explored in an accessible way. Rubinstein also considers the restrictions put in place on the lives of millions of people as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and examines human adaptation to restrictive conditions. Psychoanalysis, Culture and Contemporary Discontents is illustrated throughout with clinical vignettes from the author's practice. This psychoanalytic exploration of a diverse range of topical issues will be of interest to psychoanalysts and psychoanalytic psychotherapists in practice and in training. It will also be relevant for academics and students of sociology and cultural studies and to readers interested in understanding cultural concerns in more depth. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Pushing too far? Negotiations of non-compliance and resistance to the covid-19 cabin ban in norway

Many societies experienced pushback against governmental COVID-19 measures. When the Norwegian government made it a punishable offence to spend the night at privately owned cabins in the first phase of the pandemic, this resulted in discussions and pushback. Basing our research on in-depth interviews at three different time points during the pandemic, we ask how Norwegian participants discursively explain why the cabin ban was the first measure that evoked pushback in Norway. We conducted a Foucauldian discourse analysis (FDA), exploring three overarching explanations provided by the interview participants. In the first explanation, the pushback was presented as a result of the cultural importance of the cabin. Here, participants partly legitimised the pushback when constructing it as a predictable reaction in this cultural context. In the second explanation, participants constructed the pushback as an expression of 'cabin people' in particular and Norwegians in general being 'too privileged' to acknowledge the measure's necessity. Here, the pushback was constructed as an illegitimate reaction. In the third explanation, participants explained the pushback as a result of people seeing the measure as meaningless. This interpretation constructs pushback as a legitimate response to an illogical measure. These different constructions illustrate the complexity of compliance with COVID measures, where people negotiated individual freedom against solidarity, and compliance against critical thinking. The article contributes to the understanding of people's negotiations of resistance and pushback against restrictive measures. We argue that social psychological theory and research need to acknowledge the temporal, contextual and ideological specificities in understanding compliance and non-compliance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Overview of the adoption of online food ordering services in spain and india. An analytical approach based on the stimulus-organism-response model

COVID-19 pandemic, the foodservice industry has had to modify the way it offers its services. The aim of this paper is to examine the drivers of intention to use and recommendation of online food delivery (OFD) using the SOR model, to analyze the perceived risk of COVID-19 and its relationship with the perceived risk for online purchase of OFD as well as to analyze the cultural effect between Spain and India. For this purpose, an online questionnaire was developed by obtaining a sample of 422 users and structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to determine which variables had a significant influence on the adoption of the OFD. The results confirm that attitude is the main antecedent of intention to use and recommendation, in contrast to the subjective norm relationships, where it was only confirmed by recommendation. This finding demonstrates how individuals' attitude toward intention and recommendation is more favorable than influence of third parties on decisions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The ethical, legal and social issues of pandemics: An analysis from the EU perspective

This book proposes an ethical and legal framework to improve the responses to social issues related not only to the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, but also to future pandemics. Its contents cover the issues that are likely to be most controversial in any public health crisis. It starts by discussing non-pharmacological measures, such as the appropriateness of confinement, how to control compliance with public health measures and the ethical, legal and social acceptability of health certificates. Then it turns to issues related to the production, distribution and administration of vaccines, with a particular focus on the design and implementation of vaccination policies. Finally, it analyses the most appropriate criteria to develop a triage, when the situation brings us to this terrible scenario. The analyses presented in this book are based on the ethical and legal frameworks, as well as the social context, of the European Union, and aims to address the main dilemmas faced by any liberal democracy dealing with a pandemic: how to reconcile the defense against a public health crisis together with a respect for fundamental rights and freedoms. The European legal systems have developed a number of conceptual tools designed to ensure that there is no room for arbitrariness in the restrictions introduced by the political power in emergency situations, and this book builds upon these tools. The Ethical, Legal and Social Issues of Pandemics: An Analysis from the EU Perspective is a predominantly practice-oriented book, which will help policy makers to adopt policies that effectively combine public health needs with individual rights and freedoms. It will also help health care givers to understand better the ethical and legal issues involved in their work and citizens, in general, to participate in public decision making in an informed manner. Finally, it will help to design tools that faithfully comply with existing fundamental rights standards. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.

Homelessness and mental health

The contemporary definition of homelessness has to be seen as a multifaceted societal issue with specific factors at play in different settings. Relative poverty, insecure housing, unemployment, and insecure unemployment can all contribute to homelessness and it is worth noting that these factors will vary across cultures. Homelessness is often expressed as a crisis -a break in the typical, cultured means of civilizations. In addition, severe mental disorders have been noted and reported in homeless populations for a considerable period of time. Individuals with severe mental illness often experience a range of housing settings depending on their personal and financial conditions or the available rehabilitation programmes, which will depend upon healthcare systems (2), in addition to societal conditions and local policies on social care, employment housing, and so on. Whilst the number of people currently experiencing homelessness cannot be precisely estimated due to varying definitions across countries and cultures, the link between homelessness and mental health disorders is undeniable. Both are strongly affected by social and economic determinants such as poverty, migration, unemployment, access to healthcare, and urbanization and, as a result, providing optimal care in the community requires understanding of the cultural context. This unique resource provides an overview of the connection between homelessness and mental health around the globe. Over 27 chapters it offers up-to-date research and policy evidence with an emphasis on developing models of social care and rehabilitation at a local level that enable easy access to mental health services. Written and edited by experts drawn from different cultural and geographical perspectives, this unique resource covers key topics such as COVID-19, dental issues, and chronic pain, the experiences of specific vulnerable groups, as well as case studies from specific countries. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The perspectives of EL parents on the family-school partnership during remote learning

COVID-19 impacted the entire world, including the partnership between English learners' (EL) families and schools. The purpose of the study was to analyze and evaluate the impact of remote learning on EL families and how family-school partnerships were enabled or disabled in the remote learning environment. In this study a questionnaire was distributed to EL parents via social-media, 80 of which met the criteria and completed the survey. An embedded, mixed method, research design was used. SPSS was used to evaluate the quantitative data using descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVAs, and t-tests. Blending, including deductive and inductive coding, was used to evaluate the qualitative data. Findings indicated communication and helping students learn at home had the highest average of means, followed by Parenting, Volunteering, and Decision-Making. The findings also indicated that there was no significant statistical difference in the survey responses for parent's education, employment status, years living in the United States, English language level, and EL parent meeting attendance in relation to family-school partnerships during remote learning. Additional findings revealed technology assistance, non-technical supports, the role of parents, and teaching children responsibility helped EL parents feel supported in their efforts to be engaged. Furthermore, technology issues, instructional issues, culture and language barriers, socioemotional issues, and parental challenges were identified as perceived challenges reported by EL families in supporting their children to learn at home while engaged in remote learning. Finally, findings indicated schools' provision of basic needs, technical and instructional support, communication, and planning assistance were ways parents felt most supported in their partnership with their children's school amidst COVID-19. These findings provide valuable insight to policy-makers, administrators, Department of Education and educators, as they can use the information to understand the resources EL families need to effectively partner with their children's school during times of remote learning. This information can provide additional insight so that curriculum developers in higher education and continuing education can review and refine curriculum to address any areas in which additional support may be needed to ensure that home school partnerships with EL families maximize learning opportunities for EL students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Female leaders' experiences during COVID-19: Mothering and leading in times of peril

This research began with my tearful reflections as an exasperated mother unsure how to mother and lead in the volatility and fear of a global health crisis. Overwhelmed with the uncertainty of constantly shifting leadership demands, designing new learning systems, and the burden of caring for students and teachers, I spent countless hours planning, collaborating, communicating, acting, and reacting. As intensive leadership consumed my days, I neglected all but the most basic care of my own young children. I toiled in isolation 15 feet away from them, yet unreachable, sequestered behind my home office door. My two daughters were left to fend for themselves in a lonely house, and they suffered. The early abuse and neglect from their biological parents changed their developing brains, so now felt safety is a constant negotiation. Consumed by the fear of failing at work, and failing the teachers, staff, and children for whom I felt responsible, I was completely unaware that I had failed my children during those intense months. I felt forced to choose my job over my girls, a "no choice choice" (Borda, 2021).As I wrestled with both roles, I wondered how other mother/leaders were managing the cataclysmic changes to their mothering and leading roles. I invited 16 other mother/leaders to share their pandemic accounts, and as their stories encountered mine, our collective navigations coalesced to reveal themes about the cultures of mothering and leading that permeated our lives. Using narratives, images, photographs, collages, written, aural, and sensory data, this study interrogated the social norms of intensive mothering (Hays, 1996) and intensive leadership (Baker, 2016) that mother/leaders encountered, reframed, and resisted during the precarity of COVID-19 (Dolman, 2018). This study created a space where the norms that constrain mother/leaders during crises can be assessed critically with the hopes that they can be dislodged and replaced with more matricentric sensitive policies and practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)